Before Recording:

1.	Always remember to mark the video tapes with the date, name of the school, teacher and class. You may also speak to the camera and record the information listed above on tape.
During Recording:
2.	To avoid backlighting, avoid facing the video camera to the windows.
3.	Try to use a tripod whenever possible because the video image will look much steadier.
4.	Do not select timer or date for the video recording because they may block some of the images when playing the video on screen.
5.	The teacher should sit close to the video camera so students will look in that direction.
6.	If you are recording individual presentations, try to face the camera directly to the presenter. You may set an extended camera microphone a few feet away from the presenter.
7.	If you are recording pair interaction, try to face the camera onto the side of the students, so you can see both students' faces at the same time. Place an extended camera microphone on the table to capture better sound quality.
8.	If you are recording small group interaction, try to face the camera to the one who is speaking and capture everyone's faces as much as possible. Place the extended camera microphone on the table to capture better sound quality.

Individual Presentation	Pair Interaction	Small Group Interaction

Key: T = Teacher; VC = Video camera

2: Audio-recording

Before Recording:

1.	Make sure that the recorder works, and the batteries are not running out. Please bring extra batteries and tapes.
2.	Always remember to mark the audio tapes with the date, name of the school, teacher and class. You may also speak to the tape/MP3 recorder and record the information listed above on tape.
3.	If you are using cassette recorder, select cassette tape of appropriate length. If you are recording, for example a 40-minute lesson, it is advisable to use a 90-min tape so your tape will not run out or stop in the middle of the recording or you do not need to turn the tape over during recording. If you are using MD or MP3 recorder, there is no such concern.
During Recording:
4.	Try to place the recorder on a steady table.
5.	If you are recording individual presentations, you could put a table in front of the presenter. You may place the recorder on the table.
6.	If you are recording pair or group interaction, you can arrange the group to sit by the table and just put the recorder in the middle of the table to capture voices of all students.
	Individual Presentation	Pair/Group Interaction
	Key: Rec. = Recorder
7.	If you need to record a lot of presentation/interaction in one long session, remember to keep the timing in mind. Be sure to turn the cassette tape over after about 25/28 mins of recording (if you are using a 60-min tape) and turn the tape before a new presentation/interaction begins, so you can ensure that the tape will not be running out during recording.
After Recording:
8.	After recording all the presentations or interaction, you can put the recordings in a secure place.
9.	Rewind the cassette tapes. Put the tapes in order with your own coding system. If you are using digital recorder, you can save the sound files onto a computer/or ask students themselves/the technicians at school to save the files onto a computer for you.
Note:
Students can also be encouraged to take it in turns recording each other. This involves them and leaves the teacher free to concentrate on assessment.